Analysis of variance showed a significant interaction of reading-related
components with electrode locations and task conditions in all periods. The systematic characterization of the neurophysiological correlates of the elementary association between letters and sounds is helpful to highlight the neurobiological and functional basis of reading in healthy as well as impaired readers, for possibly developing neurophysiologically grounded rehabilitation therapies and further improving the explanatory models of dyslexia. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Predicting the pH-activities of residues in proteins is an important problem in enzyme engineering and protein design. A novel predictor called ‘Pred-pK(a)’ was developed based on the physicochemical properties of amino acids and protein 3D structure. The Pred-pK(a) RAD001 approach considers the influence of all other residues of the protein to predict the pK(a) value of an ionizable residue. An empirical equation was formulated, in which the pK(a) value was a distance-dependent function of physicochemical parameters of 20 amino acid types, describing their electrostatic and van der Waals interaction, as well
as the effects of hydrogen bonds and solvation. Two sets of coefficients, a(alpha) and b(l), were used in the predictor: a(alpha) is the weight factors of 20 amino acid types and b(l) is the weight factors of physicochemical properties of amino acids. Histidine ammonia-lyase An iterative double least square Selleckchem RO4929097 procedure was proposed to solve the two sets of weight factors alternately and iteratively in a training set. The two coefficient sets a(alpha) and b(l) thus obtained were used to
predict the pK(a) values of residues in a protein. The average predictive error is +/- 0.6 pH in less than a minute in common personal computer.”
“When comprehending concrete words, listeners and readers can activate specific visual information such as the shape of the words’ referents. In two experiments we examined whether such information can be activated in an anticipatory fashion. In Experiment 1, listeners’ eye movements were tracked while they were listening to sentences that were predictive of a specific critical word (e.g., “”moon”" in “”In 1969 Neil Armstrong was the first man to set foot on the moon”"). 500 ms before the acoustic onset of the critical word, participants were shown four-object displays featuring three unrelated distractor objects and a critical object, which was either the target object (e.g., moon), an object with a similar shape (e.g., tomato), or an unrelated control object (e.g., rice).