Factors showing a significant correlation (P ≤ 0.1) were included in a multiple regression model and a backward stepwise procedure removed less significant factors. Analyses were performed using pasw, version 18.0 (IBM/SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Apoptosis Compound Library in vitro One hundred and six patients were enrolled in the STOPAR trial and 54 were included in this substudy (34 in the TC arm and 20 in the TI arm) [11]. No differences in baseline

characteristics were found between participants in the general study and in the substudy. Forty-one patients were men (75.9%) with a median age of 42 years, 6.5% had AIDS, and 81.5% were taking NNRTIs at baseline. The median baseline CD4 cell count was higher in the TI arm (939.5 cells/μL; IQR 625, 1817 cells/μL) than in the TC arm (787.5 cells/μL; IQR 523, 1814 cells/μL; P = 0.026).

The median MCP-1 plasma concentration was higher in the TC arm (323.4 pg/mL; IQR 253, 440.9 pg/mL) than in the TI arm (244.6 pg/mL; IQR 184.7, 349 pg/mL; P = 0.039). There were no other www.selleckchem.com/products/ABT-737.html differences between the groups at baseline (Table 1). In the TI arm, median MCP-1 was significantly increased at month 12 (29.3%; IQR −1.9, 108.8%; P = 0.003), month 24 (35.0%; IQR 7.9, 93.0%; P = 0.006) and month 36 (43.2%; IQR 13.9, 82.5%; P < 0.001) compared with baseline, with no changes in the TC arm (P > 0.05 for all comparisons). The median plasma sVCAM-1 concentration was also increased at all three time-points in the TI arm compared with baseline [14.6% (IQR 0.0, 35.9%), P = 0.002;

30.4% (IQR 1.0, 51.5%), P = 0.004; 19.5% (IQR 0.2, 44.7%), P = 0.012, respectively] with no changes in the TC arm (P > 0.05 for all comparisons) (Fig. 1). T-PA was increased in both arms at the three time-points compared with www.selleck.co.jp/products/carfilzomib-pr-171.html baseline (Fig. 1), except at 12 months in the TI arm. A tendency for a greater increase in the TC arm was observed for t-PA at month 36 (P = 0.052). Plasma IL-6-values were under the limit of detection in a high percentage of patients, both at baseline [TC arm, 16 patients (47%); TI arm, 16 patients (80%)] and at month 36 [TC arm, 20 patients (58.8%); TI arm, 16 patients (80%)]; there were no changes in these percentages over the study period (P = 0.566). Plasma IL-8 was also under the limit of detection in a high percentage of patients at baseline [TC arm, 26 patients (76.5%); TI arm, 13 patients (65%)] and at month 36 [TC arm, 23 patients (67.6%); TI arm, 17 patients (85%)], with no changes over the study (P = 1). sP-selectin and sCD40L were under the limit of detection in a high percentage of patients at baseline (Table 1). During follow-up, however, sP-selectin concentrations increased significantly at month 36 compared with baseline in both the TI arm (median 73.8%; IQR 0, 140.5%; P = 0.010) and the TC arm (median 6.9%; IQR −3.1, 70.3%; P = 0.