Conclusion: Our results indicate that a special group of miRNAs may play an important role in human fetal liver development, while their
roles in the adult livers are limited. “
“Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious liver disease associated with obesity. Characterized by metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, and liver inflammation, NASH is believed to be under the influence of the gut microflora. Here, the composition of gut bacterial communities of NASH, obese, and healthy children was determined by 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing. In addition, check details peripheral blood ethanol was analyzed to monitor endogenous ethanol production of patients and healthy controls. UniFrac-based principle coordinates analysis indicated that most of the microbiome samples clustered by disease status. Each group was associated with a unique pattern of enterotypes. Differences were abundant at phylum, family, and genus levels between healthy subjects and obese patients (with or without NASH), and relatively fewer differences were observed between obese and the NASH microbiomes. Among those taxa with greater than 1% representation
in any of the disease groups, Proteobacteria, Enterobacteriaceae, and Escherichia were the only phylum, family and genus types exhibiting significant difference between obese and NASH microbiomes. Similar blood-ethanol concentrations were observed Ulixertinib manufacturer between healthy subjects and obese non-NASH patients, but NASH patients exhibited significantly elevated blood ethanol levels. Conclusions: The increased abundance of alcohol-producing bacteria in NASH microbiomes, elevated blood-ethanol concentration in NASH patients, and the well-established role of alcohol MCE公司 metabolism in oxidative stress and, consequently, liver inflammation suggest a role for alcohol-producing microbiota in the pathogenesis of NASH. We postulate that the distinct composition of the gut microbiome among NASH, obese, and healthy controls could offer a target for intervention or a marker for disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2013) Nonalcoholic fatty
liver disease (NAFLD), the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is the most common cause of elevated liver enzymes in the United States.1 NAFLD with inflammation and fibrosis is known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) because it resembles alcoholic liver disease (ALD) without a history of alcohol ingestion.2 The incidence of NASH has been increasing over the past 20 years.3 In the United States, the current prevalence of NAFLD and NASH could be as high as 46% and 12%, respectively.4 Without an effective available treatment, the prognosis of NASH is not optimistic. NASH is responsible for approximately 10% of liver transplants in the United States and is projected to become the most common indication for liver transplantation in the near future.