Cho WK, Choi IS: Fabrication of hairy polymeric films inspired by geckos: wetting and high see more adhesion properties. Adv Funct Mater 2008, 18:1089–1096.CrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions CF designed the metallic interdigitated electrode structures, performed and analyzed the electrical measurements, and drafted the manuscript. NP designed the entire study, carried out the chemical bath deposition of ZnO rods, performed the optical measurements, and drafted the manuscript. ME performed the SEM measurements and made

the corrections of the manuscript. IZ mainly helped to carry out the CA and roll-off angle measurements. MS helped with the analysis of XRD data. IE supervised the research, giving valuable advices about the whole experiments and manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background

Fully stretched DNA molecules are very important with regard to advancing the genomic sciences and analyses in order to understand the physical and biological properties of DNA, including the ability to directly manipulate and visualize single DNA molecules. In fact, engineering DNA stretching would be a key step in the development of the next generation of biological microfluidic devices [1, 2]. Microfluidics is the study of behavior manipulation and control of fluids confined to micrometer dimensions, typically 1 to 100 μm. Transport in the microchannels is the major phenomenon; it includes flow detections, liquid transport, control of molecular transport Alpelisib like DNA molecule

conformation dynamics, measurement of bulk-level rheological properties, and separation techniques with biophysical and genomic applications because they generate defined fluid flows that manipulate large DNA molecules [3]. In addition, understanding the complex behavior of DNA molecules flowing in microchannels is essential to the realization of lap-on-a-chip (LOC) and micro total analysis system (μTAS) intended to Fossariinae systematically manipulate, process, and analyze these molecules. The presence of DNA molecules gives the fluid viscoelastic behavior that may change the base flow pattern in curved channels [4]. Two general approaches to DNA stretching are in common use: DNA is stretched in a solution as it flows through a microchannel, or it is stretched on a solid surface. For the latter, the conditions required for significant DNA stretching include high shear rates and high pressure gradient operations with a pressure-driven flow, due to non-slip boundary conditions on the wall. The shear flow existing at the channel walls could stretch DNA molecules. The degree of stretching is correlated with the Weissenberg number of the flow, Wi = τ , where τ is a characteristic relaxation time for the molecule in the solution and is a characteristic shear rate based on the flow in the channel.