Intrauterine position effects. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 26(6):665-678; J. Vandenbergh, & C. Huggett, (1995). The anogenital distance index, a predictor of the intrauterine position effects on reproduction in female house mice. Lab Anim Sci. 45(5):567-573]. Furthermore, in humans AGD is sexually dimorphic with neonate males having a greater distance than females [E. Salazar-Martinez, P. Romano-Riquer, E. Yanez-Marquez,
M. Longnecker, M. Hernandez-Avila, (2004). Anogenital distance in human male and female newborns: a descriptive, cross-sectional study. Environmental Health: A Global Access Science Source. 2004:3:(8) (doi:10.1186/1476-069X-3-8) [12]]. Recently, research has concluded that the digit lengths of mice have the same phenotypic pattern seen in humans, with the 2D:4D ratio being sexually dimorphic, i.e. lower in males and greater in females [W. Brown, PR-171 order C. Finn, & S. Breedlove, (2002). Sexual dimorphism in digit-length ratios of laboratory mice. Anat Rec. 267(3):231-234; J. Manning, M. Callow, & P. Bundred, (2003).\n\nFinger and toe ratios in humans and mice: implications for the aetiology of diseases influenced byHOX genes. Med Hypotheses. 60(3):340-343; W. Brown, C. Finn, & S. Breedlove, (2001). A sex difference in the digit length ratio in mice. Horm Behav. 39:325]. The following study was conducted to determine
whether the digit length ratios in mice are correlated with a known in utero testosterone-dependent buy HSP990 effect, the distance from the anus to the genital papilla, the AGD. The results of the experiment demonstrate that there is no correlation between AGD and the 2D:4D ratio in mice of either sex. Furthermore, no sexual dimorphism in the digit lengths was found as opposed to previous studies [W. Brown, C. Finn, & S. Breedlove, (2002). Sexual dimorphism in digit-length ratios of laboratory mice. Anat Rec. 267(3):231-234; J. Manning, M. Callow, & P. Bundred, (2003). Finger and toe ratios in humans and mice: implications for the aetiology of diseases influenced by HOX genes. Med
Hypotheses. 60(3):340-343; W. Brown, C. Finn, & S. Breedlove, (2001). A sex difference in the digit length ratio in mice. Horm Behav. 39:325]. Although testosterone has see more been implicated in the digit length ratios, the present study would suggest that androgens do not have a causal relationship with testosterone-dependent phenotypes [J. Manning, D. Scutt, J. Wilson, & D. Lewis-Jones, (1998). The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: a predictor of sperm numbers and. concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen. Hum Reprod. 13(11):3000-3004; J. Manning, & P. Bundred, (2000). The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: A new predictor of disease predisposition?. Med Hypotheses. 54(5):855-857; J. Manning, R. Trivers, D. Singh, & R. Thornhill, (1999). The mystery of female beauty. Nature. 399:214-215]. The attribution of nature (i.e. genetic) and nurture (i.e. environment) in the development of life (i.e.