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“Background: Postprandial lipaemia, characterised by a rise in triglycerides

(TG) after eating, is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Small, dense, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles are implicated in atherogenesis. Little is known about postprandial lipaemia or small, dense LDL particles in urbanised black South Africans.

Aims: Assess postprandial lipaemia in black CAD patients with and without MetS and measure their fasting and postprandial lipid profiles and LDL particles.

Methods: Anthropometric data, biochemical variables and LDL particles were measured in 40 patients and 20 control subjects. Twenty three patients met International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS Poziotinib in vivo PF-4708671 datasheet and were subdivided according to fasting TG concentration either or 1.7 mmol/l. Postprandial lipaemia was assessed by an oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) and area under the curve (AUC).

Results: CAD patients with and without MetS had similar fasting lipid profiles, postprandial responses during OFTT and AUCs. MetS patients with fasting TG >= 1.7 mmol/l had greater postprandial responses (P < 0.001) and higher AUC (P < 0.0001) than patients with TG 1.7 mmol/l. AUC was higher in all

patients than controls (P < 0.03). The most significant correlation was between fasting TG and AUC (r = 0.8703; P < 0.0001). Small, dense LDL particles were present in 29 patients (72.5) and 3 controls (15) (p = 0.0001).

Conclusions: Postprandial lipaemia was common in black CAD patients, including patients with MetS. Fasting TG concentration was the strongest determinant. Small, dense MSDC-0160 LDL particles were highly associated with CAD.”
“Recent discoveries involving the cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 have originated from diverse disciplines, revealing roles in biological processes that are likewise varied. The most novel findings suggest a connection between inflammation and diseases, such as insulin resistance associated with diabetes mellitus and cancer, which had not or only weakly been appreciated previously. The IL-6 pathway is one of the mechanisms linking inflammation to these disease processes. In addition, new evidence

points toward IL-6 as one of the mediators coordinating the interface between adaptive and innate immunity. Here, we review the evidence linking IL-6 to inflammatory diseases and cancer.”
“Background: Initial management of patients who were presented to hospital after acute paracetamol overdose depends on the suspected amount ingested and more than 12 g is potentially fatal. However, the validity of this approach has received comparatively little attention.

Methods: The present study is sought to establish whether the stated paracetamol dose might predict systemic exposure and risk of hepatotoxicity. A prospective observational study of consecutive patients presenting to the Emergency Department due to acute paracetamol overdose was performed.