Mean age was 14 years (range 10-17). The etiology was mainly cerebral palsy. The average pre-operative Cobb angle was 73 degrees +/- 16 degrees. Patients were divided into three groups according to the pre-operative presence of: physiological kyphosis (mean 29 degrees +/- 8 degrees), thoracic lordosis (mean 10 degrees +/- 6 degrees) and hyperkyphosis (51 degrees +/- 8 degrees). A posterior access was performed in all patients using thoracic UC associated
with transpedicular lumbar screws and a conventional claw at the upper extremity of the construct.
Results The average percentage of coronal correction was 72%. In all three groups, we observed a common trend toward maintaining or restoring the physiological values. Mean follow-up time was 36 months. SB-715992 manufacturer At the 1-year follow-up, the mean loss of correction was 7 degrees +/- 2 degrees in the coronal plane and 2 degrees +/- 1 degrees in the sagittal plane with no other change thereafter.
Conclusions The hybrid construct www.selleckchem.com/products/apo866-fk866.html using UC appears effective in neurological scoliosis treatment, providing a good correction of the deformity in both coronal and sagittal planes. In the present series, physiological thoracic kyphosis has been restored in all patients, providing better sitting tolerance in wheelchair-bound patients, and
retaining standing and walking abilities in ambulatory patients.”
“Purpose We examined the effects of dexamethasone, droperidol, naloxone, and a combination of these three agents on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in female patients.
Methods In this randomized, controlled study, 120 female patients with ASA PS I or II undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomly allocated into four groups. Patients received dexamethasone 8 mg (Dx group) or droperidol
1 mg (Dr group) before induction of general anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol and remifentanil. Postoperative analgesia was provided by intravenous patient-controlled analgesia using MLN0128 solubility dmso a disposable infusion pump filled with fentanyl 20 mu g/kg alone (Dx group), fentanyl 20 mu g/kg with droperidol 2 mg (Dr group), fentanyl 20 mu g/kg with naloxone 0.1 mg (Nx group), or fentanyl 20 mu g/kg with droperidol 2 mg and naloxone 0.1 mg (Cm group) in a total volume of 80 ml, with a constant infusion rate of 4 ml/h and a bolus dose 2 ml with a 30-min lockout time.
Results The number of patients who developed PONV and required a rescue antiemetic was significantly less in the Cm group than in the Nx group (p < 0.001 for all). The incidence of PONV was 43, 43, 70, and 17 % in the Dx, Dr, Nx, and Cm groups, respectively.
Conclusion A combination of naloxone, droperidol, and dexamethasone was effective for preventing PONV in patients receiving fentanyl for postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic gynecological surgery, although further investigations are required to examine the effect of adding naloxone to other antiemetics.