Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the Natio

Acknowledgements This work was supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB421605), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant numbers: 21077128, 20921063, 21177151, 21207152), and from the program of ‘Hundreds Talents’ from the Chinese Academy of Sciences. We thank the laboratory members for their invaluable assistance with experiments and reagents. References 1. Pelley JL, Daar AS, Saner MA: State of academic knowledge on toxicity and biological fate of quantum dots. Toxicol Sci 2009,112(2):276–296.CrossRef 2. Yong KT, Law WC, Hu R, Ye L, Liu L, Swihart AZD6244 concentration MT, Prasad PN: Nanotoxicity assessment of quantum dots: from

cellular to primate studies. Chem Soc Rev 2012,42(3):1236–1250.CrossRef 3. Chang YL, Yang ST, Liu JH, Dong E, Wang YW, Cao AN, Liu YF, Wang HF: In vitro toxicity evaluation of graphene oxide on A549 cells. Toxicol Lett 2011,200(3):201–210.CrossRef 4. Zhang YB, Ali SF, Dervishi E, Xu Y, Li ZR, Casciano D, Biris AS: Cytotoxicity effects of graphene and single-wall carbon

nanotubes in neural phaeochromocytoma-derived PC12 Cells. ACS Nano 2010,4(6):3181–3186.CrossRef 5. Hardman R: A toxicologic review of quantum dots: toxicity depends on physicochemical and environmental factors. Environ Health Perspect 2006,114(2):165–172.CrossRef 6. Tang M, Xing T, Zeng J, Wang H, Li C, Yin S, Yan D, Deng H, Liu J, Wang M, Chen J, selleck screening library Ruan DY: Unmodified CdSe quantum dots induce elevation of cytoplasmic calcium levels and selleck impairment of functional properties of sodium channels in rat primary cultured hippocampal neurons. Environ Health Perspect 2008,116(7):915–922.CrossRef 7. Varin A, Gordon S: Alternative activation of macrophages: immune function and cellular biology. Immunobiology 2009,214(7):630–641.CrossRef

8. Ganz T, Nemeth E: Regulation of iron acquisition and iron distribution in mammals. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta-Molecular Cell Research 2006,1763(7):690–699.CrossRef 9. Nairz M, Weiss G: Molecular and clinical aspects of iron homeostasis: from anemia to hemochromatosis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2006,118(15–16):442–462.CrossRef 10. Hentze MW, Muckenthaler MU, Andrews NC: Balancing acts: molecular control of mammalian iron metabolism. Cell 2004,117(3):285–297.CrossRef 11. Wang TT, Bai J, Jiang X, Megestrol Acetate Nienhaus GU: Cellular uptake of nanoparticles by membrane penetration: a study combining confocal microscopy with FTIR spectroelectrochemistry. ACS Nano 2012,6(2):1251–1259.CrossRef 12. Qu GB, Zhang CW, Yuan L, He JY, Wang Z, Wang LX, Liu SJ, Jiang GB: Quantum dots impair macrophagic morphology and the ability of phagocytosis by inhibiting the Rho-associated kinase signaling. Nanoscale 2012,4(7):2239–2244.CrossRef 13. Liao KH, Lin YS, Macosko CW, Haynes CL: Cytotoxicity of graphene oxide and graphene in human erythrocytes and skin fibroblasts. ACS Appl. Mater. Inter.

Comments are closed.