In the OLT study the concentration of circulating L-arginine fell temporally dramatically, while L-ornithine levels increased diametrically, most likely due to elevation of arginase activity. However, the relatively long-lasting decrease in plasmatic L-arginine
in OLT seems not to have affected NO synthesis selleck screening library after reperfusion. Our OLT study suggests that liver reperfusion is associated with greatly elevated activity of proteolytic and hydrolytic enzymes including DDAH and arginase. Suppression of proteolytic and hydrolytic activity in transplantation could be a useful measure to improve outcome and remains to be investigated in further studies on larger patient collectives. The importance of analytical chemistry in this area of research is also discussed in this article. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Background: Vascular surgery practice and education vary widely across the globe. In Brazil, the largest and most populated country of South America, vascular surgery is all independent specialty, with >3000 practicing specialists. Vascular surgery education selleck kinase inhibitor in Brazil consists of 6 years of medical school, followed by a 4-year residency, in vascular surgery. Endovascular surgery training is provided by part-time mini-fellowships after
a residency program has been completed. The author of this report, who represents the Sociedade Brasileira de Angiologia e de Cirurgia Vascular (SBACV) or Brazilian Society of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, presents the critical issues in vascular surgery education in Brazil.
Methods: An informal survey was conducted among residency program directors and members of the SBACV National Board to identify the critical issues in vascular surgical education in Brazil.
Results: The 25 responders pointed
to two issues as the most critical. The first is funding for vascular surgical education. Currently, 73 vascular residency programs are accredited, with 142 first-year positions and 288 residents in training. Vascular Surgery residents are paid a meager stipend, but instructors receive C59 purchase no pay. Endovascular fellows have to pay for their training. This has led to endovascular training being financed by the industry, despite the potential conflicts of interest created by this situation. The second critical issue is endovascular surgery training. The vascular surgical community in Brazil faces the huge task of how to offer training in endovascular techniques to the 140 or so young vascular surgeons coming out of residency programs every year, as well as how to reach endovascular techniques to several hundred certified vascular surgeons already in practice.