Numerical simulations of “”magnetoelectric”" materials of this type require an extension of the standard micromagnetic model which conceptually AZD5582 ic50 parallels the introduction
of spin-current interaction terms. We show how the micromagnetic simulator “”Nmag”" can be extended to support the inhomogeneous magnetoelectric interaction term and also give a simple self-contained example for simulating the micromagnetic dynamics of a magnetoelectric system in the presence of an external electric field. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3565999]“
“The polymerization of acrylamide (AM) in an aqueous medium and in the presence of anionic [sodium lauryl sulfates (NaLS)], cationic [cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)], and nonionic (Brij-35) surfactants was carried out at 60 degrees C with potassium persulfate as the initiator. The percentage conversion and rate of polymerization (R(p)) decreased in the presence of the surfactant, and the inhibition effect of the surfactant was in the order CTAB > Brij-35 > NaLS. The viscosity data, namely, the intrinsic viscosity, viscosity-average molecular weight, and shape factor, were also obtained in each case. The polymer was characterized GDC-0068 price by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The inhibition effect of
the surfactant on R(p) of AM was explainable on the basis of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions during the association/binding between the surfactant and monomeric free radical of the monomer. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 122: 981-986, 2011″
“Biologically catalyzed electrochemical treatment of real field dairy wastewater in association with power generation was studied in single chamber non-catalyzed microbial fuel cell (MFC, open-air cathode). The performance was evaluated at four organic loads employing anaerobic mixed consortia as anodic biocatalyst. Experimental data illustrated the integrated function of MFC to harness bioelectricity from the treatment of dairy wastewater. Along with good substrate degradation (chemical oxygen demand
(COD), 95.49%), MFC also documented good removal of proteins (78.07%), carbohydrates (91.98%) and turbidity (99.02%). A steady increase in MFC performance eFT-508 concentration was observed with increase in substrate load. Maximum volumetric power production (1.10 W/m(3); 308 mV; 1.78 mA) was observed at 4.44 kg COD/m(3). MFC performance as power generator was characterized based on polarization behavior, cell potentials, cyclic voltammetric analysis and sustainable power estimation. In view of inherent advantages of the process, if optimized and understood well, this integrated approach can be a good replacement for the conventional biological and electrochemical wastewater treatment processes. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“While a magnetic phase may be both locally stable and globally unstable, global stability always implies local stability.